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The T3D (''Torus, 3-Dimensional'') was Cray Research's first attempt at a massively parallel supercomputer architecture. Launched in 1993, it also marked Cray's first use of another company's microprocessor. The T3D consisted of between 32 and 2048 ''Processing Elements'' (PEs), each comprising a 150 MHz DEC Alpha 21064 (EV4) microprocessor and either 16 or 64 MB of DRAM. PEs were grouped in pairs, or ''nodes'', which incorporated a 6-way processor interconnect switch. These switches had a peak bandwidth of 300 MB/second in each direction and were connected to form a three-dimensional torus network topology. The T3D was designed to be hosted by a Cray Y-MP Model E, M90 or C90-series "front-end" system and rely on it and its UNICOS operating system for all I/O and most system services. The T3D PEs ran a simple microkernel called UNICOS MAX. Several different configurations of T3D were available. The ''SC'' (Single Cabinet) models shared a cabinet with a host Y-MP system and were available with either 128 or 256 PEs. The ''MC'' (Multi-Cabinet) models were housed in one or more liquid-cooled cabinet(s) separately from the host, while the ''MCA'' models were smaller (32 to 128 PEs) air-cooled multi-cabinet configurations. There was also a liquid-cooled ''MCN'' model which had an alternative interconnect wiremat allowing non-power-of-2 numbers of PEs. The Cray T3D MC cabinet had an Apple Macintosh PowerBook laptop built into its front. Its only purpose was to display animated Cray Research and T3D logos on its color LCD screen. The first T3D delivered was a prototype installed at the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center in early September 1993. The supercomputer was formally introduced on 27 September 1993. The T3D was superseded in 1995 by the faster and more sophisticated Cray T3E. File:CRAY-T3D IMG 8981-82-87-89.CR2.jpg|T3D MC 256 at the EPFL Image:EPFL CRAY-T3D 1.jpg|T3D MC 256 Computer Image:EPFL CRAY-T3D 3.jpg File:CRAY-T3D IMG 8980.CR2.jpg File:CRAY-T3D IMG 8976.CR2.jpg|T3D MC 256 control panel Image:EPFL CRAY-T3D 2.jpg|MC 256 control panel Image:CRAY_T3D_d.jpg|Inside of the T3D MC 256 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cray T3D」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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